Array

C++ provides a data structure, the rove, which stores a fixed-size sequential accruement of elements of the same type. An array is dropd to store a collection of data, merely it is often more doful to think of an array as a collection of variables of the same type. Instead of declaring individual variables, such as number0, number1, , and number99, you obligate one array variable such as numbers and use numbers0, numbers1, and , numbers99 to represent individual variables.A specific element in an array is accessed by an index. All arrays consist of contiguous memory military positions. The lowest address corresponds to the prototypal element and the highest address to the last element. Declaring Arrays To carry an array in C++, the programmer specifies the type of the elements and the number of elements required by an array as follows type arrayName arraySize This is called a unmarried-dimension array. The arraySize must be an integer constant great than zero and type c an be any valid C++ data type.For example, to declare a 10-element array called balance of type double, use this contention double balance10 Initializing Arrays You can initialize C++ array elements each one by one or utilise a case-by-case statement as follows double balance5 = 1000. 0, 2. 0, 3. 4, 17. 0, 50. 0 The number of assesss in the midst of braces can not be larger than the number of elements that we declare for the array between settle brackets .Following is an example to assign a single element of the array If you omit the size of the array, an array just unfit enough to hold the initialization is created. Therefore, if you write double balance = 1000. 0, 2. 0, 3. 4, 17. 0, 50. 0 You pull up stakes create exactly the same array as you did in the precedent example. balance4 = 50. 0 The preceding(prenominal) statement assigns element number 5th in the array a value of 50. 0. Array with 4th index go forth be 5th ie. last element because all arrays have 0 as th e index of their first element which is also called base index.Following is the natural representaion of the same array we discussed above Accessing Array Elements An element is accessed by index the array name. This is done by placing the index of the element within square brackets after the name of the array. For example double salary = balance9 The above statement will take 10th element from the array and assign the value to salary variable. Following is an example which will use all the above mentioned three concepts viz. eclaration, assignment and accessing arrays include using namespace std include using stdsetw int main () int n 10 // n is an array of 10 integers // initialize elements of array n to 0 for ( int i = 0 i 10 i++ ) n i = i + 100 // set element at location i to i + 100 cout