Media Law in South Africa

The compaction license bursting charge (perfluorocarbon) was launched in July 2011 by the cut industry representative body, Print Media South Africa and the South Afri green goddess National Editors Forum in order to set up a becomeable regulatory media ashes for South Africa (Press Freedom Commission, 2012 1). The Press Freedom Commission that was held earlier this year assessed all measures c oncerning co-regulation, self-regulation, independent regulation and assure regulation so as to ensure that the media is accountable to the state-supported that they parcel out and similarly to ensure the protection of arouse license (Press Freedom Commission, 2012 1).This year, the PFC recommended that an independent co-regulatory trunk , which does non include State participation, would best suit the commonwealth. This would mean that the press argon accountable to dole out in liaison of the universe (Press Freedom Commission, 2012 1). With reference to Julie Reids and Julie Posettis bind in the Rhodes Journalism Review, I aim to evaluate various contexts and henceforward admit for reasons for why I am in accordance with the co-regulation of the media.Under the South African Constitution, in the Bill of Rights (1996) it is stated that every person has a amend to freedom of expression, which includes freedom of press and the media, the freedom to receive or run entropy or ideas, freedom of artistic creativity, academic freedom and freedom of scientific research ( solve no. 108 of 1996). Henceforth press freedom mode the autonomy to communicate ideas, reliances and discipline without restraint.The media argon a everyday think with the ability to inform and influence and because of this power they should serve to represent the interests of the citizens without external institutional constraints. When analyzing freedom of the press with the current regulatory arrangement, there are two powerful institutions in confederacy which cannot be ign ored, that is political and scotch power. Under apartheid the freedom of the press was heavily restricted.The Newspapers Registration and Im brand Act of 1985, required that all newspapers had to be registered and conform to a strict code of conduct. In addition newspapers were also required to lodge R40 000 as a deposit before they could publish, as a result the scrap still many liberal newspapers (Manoim, 1996 7). With the transition into a new majority rule, self-regulation of the media was employed to stay on freedom of expression, a pivotal component of a true state.Self-regulation is a musical arrangement that operates on self imposed rules by the media, it constitutes only of representatives of the media concern who use the Journalistic Codes and Ethics as a guideline (Reid, 2012 1). The family relationship amidst the governing/ state and the media is one of conflict and dependency because on the one hand, the media are commonly referred to as the unofficial oppo sition to the government.As watchdogs they stick unrestricted a range of issues concerning health care, education, corruption, unemployment etc and because of these disclosures the government repeatedly endeavor to censor their biggest critic. As such, the government proposed a Media Tribunal, which could lead to the forced registration of all newspapers, the registration of all journalists and punitive fines(Reid, 2012 1). The tribunal exemplifies the governments hostility towards the media and it clearly epitomizes the Newspapers Registration and Imprint Act of 1985 .Another example constitutes as the Protection of Information Bill which leave behind allow the government to crystallize specific information which is deemed harmful to the national interest. The government detract in suggested media-unfriendly laws which pose a threat to attack the heart of the struggle for democracy (Reid, 2012 1). On the other hand, however, the media are dependent on the government for inf ormation and official materials and similarly the government depends on the media to produce important information to their citizens.It is evident that the media plays a large role in making public the successes and the failures of the government, however, I argue that a change in the regulatory system could improve the relationship between the two so that the media do not withstand their own agendas for the information they produce, just now they produce that which of interest of the public that they serve. Although self-regulation of the press was once highly valued, examples like the Murdoch scandal endure shown that the system is weak and does not assure the accountability of the press.Journalists from the News of the World were charge of phone hacking, police bribery and using unethical means to come public interest stories (Posetti, 2012 19). The self-regulatory system allows for journalists to operate freely without state burden and although there havent been any situat ions like the aforementioned unethical proceedings in South Africa, the regulatory system does not fill the democratic vitality of the inclusion of wider population (Reid, 2012 18). For many years at a lower place the rapacious system of apartheid, the black population was silenced, their grievances and njustices undocumented. In this new democracy, the media are still seen to cater for the interests of the elite, this can be conceptualized in Noam Chomsky and Edward. S. Hermans propaganda modelling. Granted the media does deliver information to serve the interests of its citizens, news coverage is much tailored to what suits the corporate. The media are a profit-seeking institution, funded by advertisers and are (sometimes) owned by private investors, this can henceforth lead to the media placing profit above public interest (Manoim, 1996 4).An example of this can be seen in various newspapers during the apartheid era, oddly the Business Day. The Business Day embraced a conser vative liberal take on the apartheid system. The reporting that the Business Day encompassed relied on keeping an apolitical stance and avoided negative consequences of full disclosure. The newspaper did not report on any issues negative aspects of the apartheid system or its effects on the population and the reason for this was to gain more than revenue than to possibly create quarrel (Manoim, 1996 4).Another example of this was the recent Marikana shootings, wherein the first pieces of information distributed by the media through print and broadcast, told a story of a violent, armed and angry mob, charging towards apprehensive policemen who indeed beam the mobsters from afar, in fear of their lives (Johnson, 2012 1). At least 36 miners were shot dead and because of the inadequate coverage by the media, many people were nether the impression that the police action was proportional to the threat posed by the miners.It wasnt until Greg Marinovich went on to publish shocking find ings about the deaths of the Marikana minors, in his article The murder fields of Marikana The cold murder fields of Marikana (Marinovich, 2012 1). The article make public that some of the miners had been shot by close range (execution style) and others downhearted by police vehicles, thus providing proof that the police did not act in fear, but instead hand the upper hand and brutally killed the miners.In many of the articles published, before Marinovichs, statements were mainly one sided, comprised of policemen, the mining management and government official (Manoim, 1996 7). It can be understood that many journalists and news firms did not accurately report on the Marikana shootings because they did not want to cause statement and did not want to lose revenue. With regards to the aforementioned relationships between the media and political/ stinting institutions within the self-regulatory system, I argue that the system is clearly weak.There is indeed more freedom of speech wit h this system, however, the press arent held accountable to the citizens that they serve, the press can be seen to accommodate only the elites and silence the people. For these reasons and the above examples, in my opinion it is clear that the self-regulatory system in inadequate for a new democracy such as ours. The proposed system of independent co-regulation without state or government intervention will best serve the freedom of the press in our country.The system will consist of members of the public (e. g academics, civil society organizations etc. ) and members of the press industry therefore sufficiently creating integration between the press and the society that it serves (Reid, 2012 18). The independent system as well as journalists will henceforth be accountable to the public. The co-regulatory system will allow regulatory rules to be created by more than one stakeholder and it will have liberty from industries (Press Freedom Commission, 2012 1).The system should sufficie ntly allow members of the public and the press to engage with reports made by the independent body. This nature of transparency will build a close relationship between the public and the media and henceforth it will encourage the media to be accountable to the citizens that it serves (Reid, 2012 18). I believe that the change magnitude integration between the public and the press will give the once unheard voices of the public a platform for their opinions furthermore it will straightaway tending the country on the road to true democracy.The PFC suggests that the system will introduce a more efficient framework for dealings with sensitive matters especially when dealing with children. There will also be a be a method of space fines which will consist of monetary fines, summons or rulings for any offences made by the press (Press Freedom Commission, 2012 1). The co-regulatory system proposed by the Press Freedom Commission is not an attack at the freedom of the press, rather, it is very necessary to strengthen the system of the press in South Africa.Co-regulation will not only serve the public because of the systems transparency and allowance for integration but it could also improve the quality and credibility of journalism in the country. The marginalized and excluded persons of this country need an environment where they are able to make public their discrepancies and regarding the long reception to the current self-regulation it is evident there needs to be a change in the system.In my opinion co-regulation will ensure the greatest independence from different influential institutions, it will reinforce the accountability the press should have for the citizens, it will allow for press freedom and furthermore it will assist to uphold the principles of a democracy. References Manoim, I. 1996. You Have Been Warned The First Ten Years of The berth & Guardian. Penguin Books South Africa. Posetti, J. 2012. Media Regulation, Murdoch and the Journalism Wars of Oz. Rhodes Journalism Review. Press Freedom Commission, 2012.What the Press Commission recommends. Retrieved from http//www. politicsweb. co. za/politicsweb/view/politicsweb/en/page71656? oid=294997&sn=Detail on 11/01/1012 Reid, J. 2012. Press Freedom in South Africa and why self-regulation is best. quotidian Maverick. Retrieved from http//dailymaverick. co. za/opinionista/2012-01-26-press-freedom-in-south-africa-and-why-self-regulation-is-best on 11/01/2012. Reid, J. 2012. What will co-regulation mean? The Press Freedom Commission report and its implications for the regulation of journalism. Rhodes Journalism Review.